Lithium hydroxide is an inorganic chemical compound from the group of bases. It dissolves very well in water, slightly soluble in alcohols and ether. It occurs as an anhydrous variety or monohydrate (LiOH H2O). Lithium hydroxide is a white solid. Lithium hydroxide is produced in a metathesis reaction between lithium carbonate and calcium hydroxide or in laboratory conditions as a result of the action of water directly on lithium (Li) or lithium oxide (Li2O). Lithium hydroxide is a raw material with a wide range of industrial applications. Applications of lithium hydroxide in industry: for the production of lithium greases, including lithium stearate, which is resistant to water and high and low temperatures, for the production of lithium soap and lithium salts, in gas purification systems, including for spaceships, submarines and reactors, for CO2 removal, as an admixture to special bearing alloys, as a component improving the mechanical properties of aluminium and lead alloys, in nuclear technology, it is a component of control rods in nuclear reactors, in organic synthesis as a catalyst in esterification reactions, in solution in aliphatic amines as a strong reducing agent, used in the production of alkaline batteries, accumulators (as an electrolyte), used as a heat transfer medium, in ceramics and some Portland cements, for alkalizing the reactor coolant in pressurised water reactors to control corrosion.
Hazard statements (H):
- H302 Harmful if swallowed.
- H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
Precautionary statements:
- P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
- P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
- P303+361+353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.
- P304+340 IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
- P305+351+338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
- P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.